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1.

A.Byspreadingmosquitokillersprays.

B.Bydevelopingeffectivevaccine.

C.Byeditingthegeneofmosquitoes.

D.Byusingbacteria-carryingmosquitoes.

2.

A.Throughmosquitobites.

B.Throughbloodtransplant.

C.Throughsex.

D.Throughdropletspread.

听力文本

Researchersarereportingsuccessinusingbacteria-carryingmosquitoestofightdenguefever.Testsinvolvingthereleaseoflaboratory-grownmosquitoesledtosharpdropsindenguecasesinseveralcountries.DengueinfectionsappeartobedroppingfastincommunitiesinIndonesia,Vietnam,BrazilandAustralia,aninternationalresearchteamreported.Theresultsrepresentthefirstevidencefromlargefieldtrialsaimingtotesttheeffectivenessofthebacteria-carryinginsects.Thekindofbacteriatheycarryiscommonininsectsbutharmlesstopeople.Denguespreadswhenamosquitobitesaninfectedpersonandthenbitessomeoneelse.Butthemosquitoesthatweregiventhebacteriadonotseemtopassonthedisease.ThefirstsignsofsuccesscameinAustralia.MosquitoesproducedtocarrytheWolbachiabacteriawerereleasedinpartsofNorthQueenslandbeginningin2011.Overtime,theinsectsspreadthroughthelocalmosquitopopulation.Healthofficialsinthosecommunitiesreportedthatthelocalspreadofdenguehadnearlydisappeared.Next,researchersfoundsuccessinareasofAsiaandLatinAmerica,wherelargedengueoutbreaksarecommon.Millionsofpeopleintheseareashavecaughtthepainfulandsometimesdeadlydisease.EarlyresultsalsosuggestlargereductionsindengueandarelatedvirusinafewneighborhoodsinBrazil,nearRiodeJaneiro.Studiesarecontinuingintheseandothercountries.Butthefindingssuggestitispossibletoturnatleastsomemosquitoesfromapublichealththreatintodenguefighters.

Question1:Howdidresearchersinthisnewsreportfightdenguefever?

Question2:Accordingtothenewsreport,howdoesdenguefeverspread?

重点词汇

1.bacterium(pluralbacteria):atypeofverysmallorganismthatlivesinair,earth,water,plants,andanimals,oftenonethatcausesdisease

2.mosquito:asmallflyinginsectthatbitespeopleandanimalsandsuckstheirblood蚊

3.dengue:aserioustropicaldiseasethatiscausedbyaviruscarriedbymosquitoes.Itcausesahighfeverandseverepaininthejointsofthebody.登革热

背景知识

埃及伊蚊是登革热的重要传播媒介，然而一项国际研究显示，如果让这种蚊子感染沃尔巴克氏菌，它们会改邪归正"，起到减少登革热发病率的作用。非营利机构世界蚊子计划"研究人员在实验室中培育出一批感染沃尔巴克氏菌的埃及伊蚊，之后把它们释放到户外。它们与其他蚊子交配，繁衍出感染沃尔巴克氏菌的蚊子，使这种细菌在蚊子群中蔓延。美联社报道，研究人员21日在美国热带医学与卫生学会大会上报告，他们2011年在澳大利亚昆士兰州北部几个地方释放感染沃尔巴克氏菌的埃及伊蚊，那些地方的登革热如今几乎绝迹。他们2016年在印度尼西亚日惹附近一片区域释放感染沃尔巴克氏菌的埃及伊蚊，那里的登革热迄今减少76%。研究人员在越南南部城市芽庄附近一片区域和巴西里约热内卢附近几个区域开展类似实验，均发现登革热大幅减少。沃尔巴克氏菌是一种常见细菌，半数以上昆虫，从果蝇到蝴蝶，天生感染这种细菌，但是埃及伊蚊是个例外。世界蚊子计划"研究人员卡梅·西蒙斯说，他们对付埃及伊蚊的办法不是用杀虫剂消灭它们，而是改造"它们。

参考答案

Question1:D

Question2:A