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SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
WorldMustAdapttoUnknownClimateFutureA.Thereisstillgreatuncertaintyabouttheimpactsofclimatechange,accordingtothelatestreportfromtheIntefgovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,releasedtoday.Soifwearetosurviveandprosper,ratherthantryingtofendoffspecificthreatslikecyclones,wemustbuildflexibleandresilient(有弹性的)societies.B.Today’sreportisthesecondofthreeinstalments(分期连载)oftheIPCC’sfifthassessmentofclimatechange.Thefirstinstalment,releasedlastyear,coveredthephysicalscienceofclimatechange.Itstatedwithincreasedcertaintythatclimatechangeishappenin9,andthatitistheresultofhumanity’sgreenhousegasemissions.Thenewreportfocusesontheimpactsofclimatechangeandhowtoadapttothem.Thethirdinstalment,onhowtocutgreenhousegasemissions,comesoutinApril.
C.ThelatestreportbacksofffromsomeofthepredictionsmadeinthepreviousIPCCreport,in2007.Duringthefinaleditingprocess.theauthorsalsoretreatedfrommanyofthemoreconfidentprojectionsfromthefinaldraft,leakedlastyear.TheIPCCnowsaysitoftencannotpredictwhichspecificimpactsofclimatechange—suchasdroughts,stormsorfloods——willhitparticularplaces.D.Instead,theIPCCfocusesonhowpeoplecalladaptinthefaceofuncertainty,arguingthatwemustbecomeresilientagainstdiversechangesintheclimate.Thenaturalhumantendencyistowantthingstobeclearandsimple."saysthereport’sco-chairChrisFieldoftheCarnegieInstitutionforScienceinStanford,Califomia.Andoneofthemessagesthatdoesn’tjustcomefromtheIPCC,itcomesfromhistory,isthatthefuturedoesn’teverturnoutthewayyouthinkitwillbe."Thatmeans,Fieldadds,that‘'beingpreparedforawiderangeofpossiblefuturesisiustalwayssmart".
E.HereNewScientistbreaksdownwhatisnewinthereport,andwhatitmeansforhumanity’seffortstocopewithachangingclimate.Acompanionarticle,Howclimatechangewillaffectwhereyoulive",highlightssomeofthekeyimpactsthatdifferentregionsarefacing.WhathaschangedinthenewIPCCreport?F.Inessence,thepredictionsareintentionallyvaguer.Muchofthefirlnerlanguagefromthe2007reportaboutexactlywhatkindofweathertoexpect,andhowchangeswitlaffectpeople,hasbeenreplacedwithmorecautiousstatements.Thescaleandtimingofmanyregionalimpacts,andeventheformofsome,nowappearuncertain.